Medical specialties are specific branches of medicine that focus on a particular organ system, disease category, or patient population. These specialties require additional training and certification beyond a general medical degree. Some examples of medical specialties include cardiology (heart diseases), dermatology (skin diseases), oncology (cancer), and pediatrics (care of children). Medical specialists typically have expertise in diagnosing, treating, and managing conditions within their specific area of focus. These specialties play a crucial role in providing specialized care to patients and advancing medical knowledge in their respective fields.